Hiring a Criminal Defense Lawyer in Iowa
How criminal defense lawyers in Iowa charge, your right to a court-appointed lawyer, how bail works, how to check a lawyer's license, and free help. We do not recommend or rank lawyers.
What a lawyer costs in Iowa: fee rules
| Rules on contingency fees | Contingent fees are allowed except where Rule 1.5(d) or other law prohibits them. A contingent fee agreement must be in a writing signed by the client and state how the fee is figured, including the percentage(s) the lawyer gets on settlement, trial or appeal, the litigation and other expenses deducted from the recovery, and whether expenses are deducted before or after the fee is calculated. It must clearly tell the client about any expenses the client must pay whether or not the client wins. At the end, the lawyer must give the client a written statement of the outcome and, if there is a recovery, the client's share and how it was figured. Lawyers may not charge domestic relations fees contingent on securing a divorce or on the amount of alimony, support or property settlement, or a contingent fee to represent a criminal defendant. |
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| If you disagree with a lawyer's bill | The Iowa Attorney Disciplinary Board does not resolve fee disputes. The Iowa Judicial Branch says fee disputes go to the Iowa State Bar Association for arbitration, and that fee arbitration may be available through your local bar association. |
| If a lawyer takes your money | Iowa's Client Security Trust Fund, administered by the Client Security Commission, covers losses from dishonest conduct by an Iowa-licensed lawyer acting as attorney or fiduciary in the practice of law, when no other source can cover the loss; negligence and employer-employee disputes are not covered. The maximum any one client may recover is set by Iowa Supreme Court rules, and the Commission also weighs available funds and hardship. Claims are generally due within one year after you discover the loss (extendable for good cause). There is no fee and no lawyer is needed. Client Security Commission, Judicial Branch Building, 1111 East Court Avenue, Des Moines, IA 50319; (515) 348-4670. |
Iowa rules to know first
| Getting a court-appointed lawyer | A person is entitled to a court-appointed attorney if the person's income is at or below 125% of the federal poverty guidelines, unless the court determines the person can pay, considering income, assets subject to execution and the seriousness of the charge. A person with income above 125% but at or below 200% is entitled only if the court makes a written finding that not appointing counsel would cause substantial hardship; above 200%, only if charged with a felony and the court finds substantial hardship. The determination is made on an affidavit of financial status (form set by rule of the state public defender), signed under penalty of perjury and submitted at the initial appearance or when counsel is requested. A person granted an appointed attorney must reimburse the state for the total cost of legal assistance. |
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| Bail and release before trial | All defendants are bailable before and after conviction, by sufficient surety, or subject to release on conditions or their own recognizance, except listed defendants (for example, those charged with first-degree murder of a peace officer, and certain defendants awaiting sentencing or appealing convictions for class A felonies, forcible felonies and certain drug felonies). Bailable defendants must be released on personal recognizance or an unsecured appearance bond unless the magistrate determines that will not reasonably assure appearance or will jeopardize another person's safety; the magistrate then imposes the first of the listed conditions that gives that assurance (supervised custody; travel, association or residence limits; an appearance bond with a cash deposit of up to ten percent; a bail bond with surety or cash; or other conditions such as no-contact). Factors include the nature of the offense, family ties, employment, financial resources, character and mental condition, length of residence, record of convictions, and record of appearance. Defendants must be told of the right to have release conditions reviewed, and an indigent defendant is appointed counsel for that review. Bailability: https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/811.1.pdf |
| Felony classes and sentences | Iowa grades felonies as class A, B, C and D. Class A: commitment to the custody of the department of corrections for the rest of the defendant's life, with no parole unless the governor commutes the sentence (different options apply to first-degree murder committed under age eighteen). Unless a statute prescribes otherwise: class B felon, confinement for no more than twenty-five years; class C felon, no more than ten years plus a fine of at least $1,370 but not more than $13,660; class D felon, no more than five years plus a fine of at least $1,025 but not more than $10,245. An habitual offender may be confined for no more than fifteen years. Surcharges are added on top of these fines. Class A: https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/902.1.pdf |
Find and check a lawyer
| Lawyer referral service | The Iowa State Bar Association's Iowa Find-A-Lawyer is a free, voluntary web-based referral program that matches the public with Iowa attorneys; the ISBA refers all phone calls from people looking for a lawyer to this website. "Attorneys listed in this directory charge $25 or less for up to 30 minutes of initial consultation"; when you contact a lawyer, say you found them through the program and ask what they charge. ISBA phone (general): (515) 243-3179. Ways to get legal help: https://www.iowabar.org/?pg=Waystogetlegalhelp |
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| Check that the lawyer is licensed | The Iowa Supreme Court's commissions maintain an online "Search Iowa Attorneys" database of lawyers licensed by the Supreme Court of Iowa. Search by name, business county, city or state, good-standing status and license status (such as active, inactive, suspended, revoked, emeritus or deceased). It covers lawyers in good standing, inactive, suspended, revoked, deceased and in-house registrants; home addresses and phone numbers are not released. |
| Check discipline history or file a complaint | Ethics complaints about Iowa lawyers go to the Iowa Supreme Court Attorney Disciplinary Board, which receives and investigates them. Use the court-approved complaint form (online, or downloadable PDF to mail), one per attorney, with copies (not originals) of supporting documents and the case name and number if any. There is no charge; the system is funded by assessments on Iowa lawyers. The Board cannot resolve fee disputes, which are generally contract matters for district court, though charging a clearly excessive fee is an ethics issue. Lawyers with prior public discipline are listed on the Iowa court commissions site. Phone: 515-348-4680. Complaint instructions: https://www.iowacourts.gov/opr/attorneys/attorney-discipline/complaint-against-a-lawyer/ |
Free legal help
| Free legal aid | Iowa Legal Aid, the state's LSC-funded legal aid organization, provides free civil legal help to eligible low-income Iowans; toll-free (800) 532-1275, iowalegalaid.org. Other free options listed by the federal court for Iowa include the University of Iowa Clinical Law Program ((319) 335-9030, toll-free (866) 251-5491) and the Drake University Legal Clinic ((515) 271-3851). Iowa Free Legal Answers (iowa.freelegalanswers.org) lets qualifying users post civil legal questions at no cost. Phone numbers from https://www.iand.uscourts.gov/content/how-can-i-find-attorney |
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All legal help in Iowa · Background guide
General legal information, not legal advice. Laws change and local rules can differ; check the linked official source or talk to a lawyer about your situation.