North Dakota Mold, Pests, Heat & AC Rules
North Dakota rules on mold, pests, heat & ac for renters and landlords, with the statute or official page behind each answer. Last verified: 2026-10-22.
Short answer: No statute — general habitability/repair duty applies. North Dakota has no mold disclosure, remediation or exposure-standard law for rentals; N.D.C.C. § 47-16-13.1(1)(a)-(b)
The rules in North Dakota
| Mold | No statute — general habitability/repair duty applies. North Dakota has no mold disclosure, remediation or exposure-standard law for rentals; the landlord must comply with applicable building and housing codes affecting health and safety and 'make all repairs and do whatever is necessary to put and keep the premises in a fit and habitable condition.' Mold that makes a unit unfit falls under the general habitability duty; if the landlord does not repair within a reasonable time after notice, § 47-16-13 lets the tenant repair and deduct, recover the cost, or vacate. Local housing codes may add requirements. Source: N.D.C.C. § 47-16-13.1(1)(a)-(b) |
|---|---|
| Pests & bed bugs | No statute — no bed-bug or pest-specific law. The landlord's general duty to keep the premises fit and habitable and common areas clean and safe applies; the tenant must keep the unit as clean and safe as conditions permit, remove garbage, and not damage the premises. No state bed-bug disclosure or inspection rule. Who pays for treatment depends on the lease and on whether the tenant caused the infestation (tenant must repair damage caused by ordinary negligence, § 47-16-10). |
| Heat | Yes. The landlord must supply 'reasonable heat' and keep heating facilities it supplies in good and safe working order, unless the building is not required by law to be equipped for heat or the heat is generated by an installation under the tenant's exclusive control on a direct utility connection. No statewide minimum temperature or heating season is set. Not required when heat is unavailable because of a public-utility supply failure. A landlord gets a reasonable time to fix noncompliance. Local codes may set temperatures. Source: N.D.C.C. § 47-16-13.1(1)(d), (f) |
| Air conditioning | No state requirement to provide air conditioning or a maximum indoor temperature. If the landlord supplies air conditioning, it must be maintained in good and safe working order. Source: N.D.C.C. § 47-16-13.1(1)(d) |
| Smoke and CO detectors | All residential rental property (other than lodging establishments covered elsewhere) must have smoke detection systems installed and maintained to fire-marshal standards. In a single-family rental, the tenant maintains and inspects the system; in other dwellings, the landlord installs it and makes sure it works when each new tenant moves in, and the tenant maintains it during the tenancy. On a deaf tenant's written request, a landlord must provide a visual alarm (landlords with one building of four or fewer units are exempt). Willfully failing to install a required system is a class B misdemeanor. Section 23-13-15 addresses smoke detection; carbon monoxide alarm rules for dwellings may come from the state building or fire code. Source: N.D.C.C. § 23-13-15 |
Related questions
- Does a landlord have to fix mold?
- Who pays for pest control and bed bugs in a rental?
- Does a landlord have to provide heat?
- Does a landlord have to provide air conditioning?
North Dakota vs. neighboring states
| State | Mold | Pests & bed bugs | Heat |
|---|---|---|---|
| North Dakota | No statute — general habitability/repair duty applies. North Dakota has no mold disclosure, remediation or exposure-standard law for rentals; the landlord must comply with applicable building and housing codes affecting health and safety and 'make all repairs and do whatever is necessary to put and keep the premises in a fit and habitable condition.' N.D.C.C. § 47-16-13.1(1)(a)-(b) | No statute — no bed-bug or pest-specific law. The landlord's general duty to keep the premises fit and habitable and common areas clean and safe applies; the tenant must keep the unit as clean and safe as conditions permit, remove garbage, and not damage the premises. N.D.C.C. §§ 47-16-13.1(1)(b)-(c), 47-16-13.2 | Yes. The landlord must supply 'reasonable heat' and keep heating facilities it supplies in good and safe working order, unless the building is not required by law to be equipped for heat or the heat is generated by an installation under the tenant's exclusive control on a direct utility connection. No statewide minimum temperature or heating season is set. N.D.C.C. § 47-16-13.1(1)(d), (f) |
| Minnesota | No statute — no mold-specific disclosure or remediation law. Mold is covered by the general statutory covenants that the unit and common areas are fit for their intended use, kept in reasonable repair, and kept in compliance with state and local health and safety laws. A condition with a serious negative impact on health or safety can support an emergency tenant remedies action, and tenants can also use rent escrow or a tenant remedies action. Minn. Stat. § 504B.161, subd. 1(a)(1), (2), (4); § 504B.381, subd. 1 | The landlord's statutory duty to keep the premises in reasonable repair expressly includes extermination of insects, rodents, vermin or other pests, including bed bugs. The exception is when the problem was caused by the willful, malicious or irresponsible conduct of the tenant or someone under the tenant's control. A serious infestation is an emergency that can support an expedited emergency tenant remedies action. No bed-bug-specific disclosure statute. Minn. Stat. § 504B.161, subd. 1(a)(2); § 504B.381, subd. 1(2)(i) | Yes, statewide. The landlord must provide heat of at least 68°F in all places intended for habitation, including kitchens and bathrooms, from October 1 through April 30. The only exception is when a utility company requires and instructs the heat to be reduced. Loss of heat that the landlord is responsible for is an emergency that can support an emergency tenant remedies action. Minn. Stat. § 504B.161, subd. 1(a)(5); § 504B.381, subd. 1(2)(iv) |
| Montana | Montana Mold Disclosure Act: a landlord who knows mold is present must disclose it to the tenant before or when the lease is signed, and a landlord who knows the building was tested for mold must say so and give the tenant the test results (if available) and evidence of any later mitigation. A landlord may also give a statutory mold disclosure statement for the tenant to sign; a landlord who gives it, discloses prior testing and mitigation, and discloses known mold is shielded from liability based on the presence of or propensity for mold. No state mold-remediation standard; the general duty to keep the premises fit and habitable applies. Mont. Code Ann. §§ 70-16-701 to 70-16-703; § 70-24-303(1)(b) | No pest- or bed-bug-specific statute. The landlord must make repairs and do whatever is necessary to keep the premises fit and habitable and keep common areas clean and safe; the tenant must keep the unit reasonably clean and safe and dispose of garbage properly. Mont. Code Ann. §§ 70-24-303(1)(b)-(c), 70-24-321(1)(b)-(c) | Yes. The landlord must supply reasonable heat between October 1 and May 1 (plus running water and reasonable hot water at all times) and keep heating facilities in good and safe working order. No statewide minimum temperature is set. Exception: buildings not required by law to be equipped for heat, or units where heat is generated by an installation in the tenant's exclusive control. Mont. Code Ann. § 70-24-303(1)(d), (1)(f) |
| South Dakota | No statute — general habitability/repair duty applies. South Dakota has no mold disclosure, remediation or exposure-standard law for rentals; the landlord must keep the premises and common areas in reasonable repair, fit for human habitation and in good and safe working order, except for disrepair caused by the tenant's (or the tenant's invitees') negligent, willful or malicious conduct. SDCL 43-32-8 | No statute — no bed-bug or pest-specific law. The landlord's general duty to keep the premises fit for human habitation applies, except where the condition was caused by the tenant's negligent, willful or malicious conduct. SDCL 43-32-8 | The landlord must maintain heating systems in good and safe working order (unless the tenant caused the disrepair) and keep the unit fit for human habitation. No state statute sets a minimum indoor temperature or heating season. SDCL 43-32-8 |
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Compare mold, pests, heat & ac in all 50 states and DC →
North Dakota Mold, Pests, Heat & AC Rules FAQ
Does a landlord have to fix mold in North Dakota?
No statute — general habitability/repair duty applies. North Dakota has no mold disclosure, remediation or exposure-standard law for rentals; the landlord must comply with applicable building and housing codes affecting health and safety and 'make all repairs and do whatever is necessary to put and keep the premises in a fit and habitable condition.' (N.D.C.C. § 47-16-13.1(1)(a)-(b))
Who pays for pest control and bed bugs in North Dakota?
No statute — no bed-bug or pest-specific law. The landlord's general duty to keep the premises fit and habitable and common areas clean and safe applies; the tenant must keep the unit as clean and safe as conditions permit, remove garbage, and not damage the premises. (N.D.C.C. §§ 47-16-13.1(1)(b)-(c), 47-16-13.2)
Does a landlord have to provide heat in North Dakota?
Yes. The landlord must supply 'reasonable heat' and keep heating facilities it supplies in good and safe working order, unless the building is not required by law to be equipped for heat or the heat is generated by an installation under the tenant's exclusive control on a direct utility connection. No statewide minimum temperature or heating season is set. (N.D.C.C. § 47-16-13.1(1)(d), (f))
Does a landlord have to provide air conditioning in North Dakota?
No state requirement to provide air conditioning or a maximum indoor temperature. If the landlord supplies air conditioning, it must be maintained in good and safe working order. (N.D.C.C. § 47-16-13.1(1)(d))
Who is responsible for smoke detectors in a rental in North Dakota?
All residential rental property (other than lodging establishments covered elsewhere) must have smoke detection systems installed and maintained to fire-marshal standards. In a single-family rental, the tenant maintains and inspects the system; in other dwellings, the landlord installs it and makes sure it works when each new tenant moves in, and the tenant maintains it during the tenancy. On a deaf tenant's written request, a landlord must provide a visual alarm (landlords with one building of four or fewer units are exempt). Willfully failing to install a required system is a class B misdemeanor. (N.D.C.C. § 23-13-15)
General legal information, not legal advice. Laws change and local rules can differ; check the linked official source or talk to a lawyer about your situation.